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Tax Policy Center

Research & Commentary

Research report
Federal Budget and Economy

Raising Revenue with a Progressive Value-Added Tax

To raise revenue in a progressive, efficient, and administrable manner, this chapter proposes a new national consumption tax: a broad-based credit-invoice value-added tax (VAT). Th e proposal comes with several qualifications: the VAT should complement, not substitute for, new direct taxes on...

September 30, 2020
William G. Gale
Research report
Individual Taxes

Description of the Tax Policy Center’s Improved Methodology for Analysis of the Taxation of Pass-Through Income

This report describes the Tax Policy Center’s (TPC’s) improved methodology for analyzing the taxation of pass-through income (income generated through business activities that is taxed at the individual level). Under current law, certain types of pass-through income are taxed at different rates...

August 19, 2020
Benjamin R. PageJeffrey RohalyThornton Matheson
Research report
Individual Taxes

Accounting for The Benefit of Retirement Saving Incentives in Distribution Tables

This paper describes the updated methodology that the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center (TPC) uses to estimate the benefits taxpayers receive from proposals that allow them to save through a qualified retirement savings plan. We present tables comparing how we currently measure these benefits...

August 7, 2020
Eric ToderSurachai Khitatrakun
Brief
Business Taxes

Tax Incentives for Pass-Through Income

This chartbook explores the implications of the tax-advantaged treatment of pass-through income enacted as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA). Section 199A of the TCJA allows a deduction from taxable income of 20 percent of certain pass-through income. We look specifically at the...

July 15, 2020
Benjamin R. PageJeffrey RohalyThornton MathesonAravind Boddupalli
Research report
Federal Budget and Economy

A Synthetic Supplemental Public-Use File of Low-Income Information Return Data: Methodology, Utility, and Privacy Implications

The Statistics of Income division of the Internal Revenue Service releases an annual public-use file of individual income tax returns that is invaluable to tax analysts in government agencies, nonprofit research organizations, and the private sector. However, the Statistics of Income division...

July 9, 2020
Claire BowenVictoria L. BryantLeonard E. BurmanSurachai KhitatrakunGraham MacDonaldRobert McClellandPhilip StallworthKyle UeyamaAaron R. WilliamsNoah Zwiefel
Research report
Individual Taxes

Effects of Recent Reductions in the Internal Revenue Service’s Appropriations on Returns on Investment

From 2010 through 2019, funding for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) dropped by 24 percent, after adjustment for inflation. As a consequence, the percentage of taxpayers who were audited fell by nearly half. In this paper, we use confidential IRS data to compare the returns on investments (ROI...

June 26, 2020
Janet HoltzblattJamie McGuire
Brief
Individual Taxes

Design Changes Can Strengthen the EITC During Recessions

We examine how proposals to modify and expand the EITC would change its impacts during economic downturns. Using components from the Economic Security Project’s Cost-of-Living Refund, we identify three main effects. First, accelerating the credit phase-in (or eliminating it entirely) would...

May 18, 2020
Elaine MaagDonald Marron
Brief
Individual Taxes

Tax Incentives for Retirement Savings

Federal tax law provides substantial tax incentives for retirement saving. These include the deferral of taxes on contributions to retirement savings accounts by employers, employees, and self-employed taxpayers and the earnings on these contributions until the funds are withdrawn in retirement...

May 11, 2020
Eric ToderSurachai KhitatrakunAravind Boddupalli
Brief
Federal Budget and Economy

The President’s Budget Priorities and the COVID-19 Pandemic

On March 30, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) released its analysis of President Trump’s proposed budget for fiscal year 2021. The president submitted this budget on February 10, 2020, when the pandemic was in its early stages in the US and before the enactment of major relief bills in...

May 7, 2020
Erald KolasiC. Eugene Steuerle
Brief
State and Local Issues

State Revenue Forecasts Before COVID-19 and Directions Forward

The global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak will dramatically affect state tax revenues over the next months and possibly years. This brief summarizes how state revenue forecasters viewed their state economies before the COVID-19 pandemic, as documented in governors’ proposed...

April 2, 2020
Lucy Dadayan

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