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Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0035 - Reduce Child Tax Credit (CTC) Refundability Threshold to $0 Baseline: $8,500 Threshold Distribution of Tax Units with Benefit, 2009

Distribution of tax benefits to tax units affected by the reduction of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) earnings refundability threshold to $0 in 2009 against a current law baseline with a threshold of $8,500.
January 21, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0037 - Reduce Earnings Threshold for Refundable Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $0 Baseline: $8,500 Threshold Static Impact on Number of Eligible Children (millions), 2009

Static impact on the number of newly eligible children and children with increased refunds from the Child Tax Credit (CTC) as a result of reducing the earnings threshold to $0 in 2009 against a baseline with a threshold of $8,500.
January 21, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Testimony

Addressing Short- and Long-Term Fiscal Challenges

Testimony before the Senate Budget Committee
The prevalent theme in recent discussions of stimulus is that the risk of doing too little exceeds the risk that we shall do too much. But we must ask how much of too much we can tolerate. The risks of overdoing it are severe and are not emphasized enough in the current discussion. The main worries
January 21, 2009Rudolph G. Penner
Federal Budget and Economy: Testimony

Addressing the Nation's Contradictory Fiscal Challenges

Statement before Committee on the Budget, United States Senate
In testimony before the Senate Budget Committee, UI's president and former director of the Congressional Budget Office, discusses remedies for the nation's two serious --and diametrically opposed --fiscal challenges: the immediate, short-run problems of economic recession, and the issue of long-
January 21, 2009Robert D. Reischauer
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0025 - Reduce Child Tax Credit Refundability Threshold to $0 Distribution of Federal Tax Change by Cash Income Percentile, 2009

Distribution tables of federal tax change by cash income percentiles for the proposal to reduce the earnings threshold for the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $0 for 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0024 - Reduce Child Tax Credit Refundability Threshold to $0 Distribution of Federal Tax Change by Cash Income Level, 2009

Distribution tables of federal tax change by cash income level for the proposal to decrease the earnings threshold for refundability for the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $0 for 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0026 - Reduce Child Tax Credit Refundability Threshold to $3,000 Distribution of Federal Tax Change by Cash Income Level, 2009

Distribution tables of federal tax change by cash income level for the proposal to decrease the earnings threshold for refundability for the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $3,000 for 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0027 - Reduce Child Tax Credit Refundability Threshold to $3,000 Distribution of Federal Tax Change by Cash Income Percentile, 2009

Distribution tables of federal tax change by cash income percentiles for the proposal to reduce the earnings threshold for the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $3,000 for 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0028 - Reduce Child Tax Credit Refundability Threshold to $8,500 Distribution of Federal Tax Change by Cash Income Level, 2009

Distribution tables of federal tax change by cash income level for the proposal to decrease the earnings threshold for refundability for the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $8,500 for 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0029 - Reduce Child Tax Credit Refundability Threshold to $8,500 Distribution of Federal Tax Change by Cash Income Percentile, 2009

Distribution tables of federal tax change by cash income percentiles for the proposal to reduce the earnings threshold for the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to $8,500 for 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0032 - Reduce Child Tax Credit (CTC) Refundability Threshold to $0 Distribution of Tax Units with Benefit, 2009

Distribution of tax benefits to tax units affected by the reduction of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) earnings refundability threshold to $0 in 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0033 - Reduce Child Tax Credit (CTC) Refundability Threshold to $3,000 Distribution of Tax Units with Benefit, 2009

Distribution of tax benefits to tax units affected by the reduction of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) earnings refundability threshold to $3,000 in 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0034 - Reduce Child Tax Credit (CTC) Refundability Threshold to $8,500 Distribution of Tax Units with Benefit, 2009

Distribution of tax benefits to tax units affected by the reduction of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) earnings refundability threshold to $8,500 in 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0038 - Options for Reforming the Child Tax Credit (CTC) Static Impact on Individual Income Tax Liability and Revenue ($ billions), 2009-18

The static impact on income tax liability and revenue for the years 2009-18 due to reforming the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to have a earnings threshold for refundability of $0, $3000, and $8500 in the years 2009 and 2010.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0039 - Options for Reforming the Child Tax Credit (CTC) Baseline: $8,500 Threshold Static Impact on Individual Income Tax Liability and Revenue ($ billions), 2009-18

The static impact on income tax liability and revenue for the years 2009-18 due to reforming the Child Tax Credit (CTC) to have a earnings threshold for refundability of $0 against a current law baseline with a threshold of $8,500 in the years 2009 and 2010.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: Child Tax Credit

T09-0036 - Options for Reforming the Child Tax Credit (CTC) Static Impact on Number of Eligible Children (millions), 2009

Static impact on the number of newly eligible children and children with increased refunds from the Child Tax Credit (CTC) as a result of reducing the earnings threshold to $0, $3000, and $8500 in 2009.
January 20, 2009
Federal Budget and Economy: TaxVox

Will Obama “Bend the Curve” on Entitlement Spending?

I am sure Barack Obama will deliver a stirring Inaugural address tomorrow. However, Obama’s most important remarks since his election came in an interview the other day with The Washington Post. There, he promised to convene a bipartisan fiscal summit in February. This has the potential to be the most important step of his Presidency. Yes, at least as important as fixing the immediate economic mess.
January 19, 2009Howard Gleckman
Individual Taxes: TaxVox

Tax Forms, Complexity, and Tim Geithner

People often measure our tax system’s complexity by counting tax forms as if the documents, not the law, are the culprit. But my former IRS colleagues used to remind me that forms actually help taxpayers. Imagine if people were required to read the Internal Revenue Code to figure out how much they owe. This truism leapt to mind when I read about Treasury Secretary-designate Tim Geithner’s tax problems. While employed at the IMF, Geithner failed to report liability for about $34,000 in payroll taxes. After the IRS audited his 2003 and 2004 returns, he paid the back taxes with interest. Recently, he also remitted payroll taxes for 2001 and 2002, even though by then the statute of limitations had expired.
January 16, 2009Eric Toder
Federal Budget and Economy: TaxVox

Stimulus: Something for Everyone

The stimulus plan unveiled by House Democrats today includes a little something for everyone. With an eye-popping price tag of $825 billion, I suppose it should. The plan, written in close consultation with the incoming Obama Administration, includes $275 billion in business and individual tax cuts, and $550 billion in direct spending for everything from smart appliances to repairing hiking trails in national parks. A huge chunk—roughly half—would be direct assistance to state and local governments.
January 15, 2009Howard Gleckman
Individual Taxes: TaxVox

Top Destinations in 2009

Last week’s travel section of the New York Times lists the top 44 vacation destinations for 2009. Neither Bermuda nor the Cayman Islands were on the list. And it looks like neither will make the top destination list for the headquarters of U.S. multinational corporations. The “hot” tax haven this year is cool Switzerland. In the last few months, three large U.S. businesses that are currently chartered in Bermuda have announced that they are packing up and moving to Switzerland. Meanwhile, former hot spot, The Cayman Islands, seems to have lost its allure. Two U.S. companies incorporated there have announced headquarter moves to Switzerland and one plans to reincorporate in Ireland in 2009.
January 14, 2009Rosanne Altshuler
Federal Budget and Economy: TaxVox

A Way to Boost Demand and Reduce Long-term Budget Problems

Policy makers are rightly focused on boosting demand as a way to pull us out of the current recession. The proposals offered so far will help, but none directly target the price of goods and services that people buy and all will add to our alarming budget deficits. So here’s a simple suggestion. Why don’t we promise future price increases so consumers will have an incentive to spend more now. Enact a value-added tax (VAT) that phases in starting in 2010. (A VAT, common throughout the rest of the world, is basically a sales tax that is collected in stages from producers and retailers.) If the VAT started at a 5-percent rate, that would push retail prices up by 5 percent (assuming the Fed lets the money supply grow), providing an incentive for consumers to make purchases in 2009 rather than postpone them.
January 14, 2009Leonard E. Burman
Federal Budget and Economy: TaxVox

Obama-nomics: Written on a Word Processor

Barack Obama is channeling Ronald Reagan. Not in policy (his proposed tax cuts are not that big) but in tactics. The question is: Can the president-elect convince Congress to spend well over $1 trillion without leaving any fingerprints. Having learned from Reagan’s legislative successes—notably the Tax Reform Act of 1986—and from Bill Clinton’s failures—see health reform—it appears Obama will never propose any specific economic stimulus legislation. Instead, he is merely sending Congress ideas, and leaving the dirty work of writing a proposal to the Hill. The New York Times Jackie Calmes did a nice post on this the other day.
January 13, 2009Howard Gleckman
Individual Taxes: TaxVox

Is it Always a Good Time for a Holiday?

U.S. multinational corporations want another tax holiday. (Who doesn’t?). Under current law, U.S. multinational corporations can defer U.S. income tax on profits earned abroad in their foreign-owned subsidiaries until they bring them home as dividends from the foreign corporation to the U.S. parent. The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 provided them with a “one-time” chance to bring home these profits at a greatly reduced tax rate. Instead of paying the normal rate of 35 percent (with a credit to offset taxes paid abroad), Congress allowed firms that filed a “domestic reinvestment plan” to bring back funds at an effective rate of just 5.25 percent. To get the benefit of the lower rate, U.S. companies could not use repatriated profits from their foreign subsidiaries to distribute cash to their shareholders either as stock redemptions or dividends, so that the money would be available for domestic investment. The argument back then was that the holiday would stimulate jobs and investment in the United States by allowing firms to access profits trapped abroad by the U.S. tax on repatriations. However, this ignored the well-known adage that “money is fungible”—i.e., that if we require companies to reinvest repatriated profits, it will free up other cash that they can redirect as they wish.
January 12, 2009Rosanne Altshuler
Individual Taxes: TaxVox

More on the New Jobs Tax Credit

Good to see comments on the New Jobs Tax Credit from two authors of papers on the subject, Timothy J. Bartik of the Upjohn Institute and John H. Bishop of Cornell. In response to my criticism of Barack Obama’s call for an employer credit to encourage hiring, both argue that the Carter-era version of this idea—the 1977-78 New Jobs Tax Credit—succeeded in creating as many as 700,000 new jobs in the first year.
January 9, 2009Howard Gleckman
Individual Taxes: TaxVox

New Jobs Tax Credit (From the Archives)

Emil Sunley was the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Tax Analysis at Jimmy Carter's Treasury in 1977. In a 1980 Brookings volume, he recounted the history of this credit, which had morphed into a very complicated and largely ineffective subsidy as it worked its way through the legislative process. It is a cautionary tale for the Obama team and its allies in Congress.
January 8, 2009Leonard E. Burman

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