William Gale and Benjamin Harris give the president a B, noting their approval of the administration's aggressive use of tax and fiscal policy in pursuing the paramount goal of saving the economy-but also concern about the resulting lack of progress in efforts to reform the tax and fiscal system...

The expansion of refundable tax credits and the proliferation of specialized tax breaks means that households with similar incomes can face wildly different effective federal tax rates. For example, among middle-income households, the median effective income tax rate is 3 percent, but 10 percent...

In 2010, 45 percent of tax returns will either remit no federal income tax or receive a net tax refund. But this figure overstates the share of taxpayers who would be unaffected by higher income tax rates. Raising all rates by 1 percent would hold only 34 percent of tax returns harmless; others...

The Roadmap for America's Future Act of 2010 is a detailed reform package that overhauls Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and the U.S. federal tax system. In a January 27, 2010, report, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) analyzed the spending provisions of the plan. This paper presents...

This report examines the effects of imposing a new value added tax (VAT) in the United States and using the revenue raised to lower payroll tax and corporate income tax rates. We summarize how different forms of VAT operate and compare how a VAT, payroll tax, and corporate income treat different...

This study simulates - for 23 metropolitan areas - the change in equilibrium housing prices due to the Obama Administration's recently-proposed tax reforms. While none of the President's proposed tax reforms are directed at changing the value of housing, it is clear that under certain...

In 2011, the U.S. government will spend over $1 trillion on tax expenditures. These programs often fly under the radar of media and public opinion. This paper discusses obstacles to subjecting tax expenditures to the same scrutiny as direct outlays and offers some recommendations for...

Capital income is subject to a wide variation in treatment under the tax code. Certain financial income, such as long-term capital gains and qualified dividends, is taxed at preferential rates.

During the recent tax filing season, cable news and talk radio repeatedly discussed the Tax Policy Center's (TPC's) estimate that 47 percent of Americans would pay no federal income tax for 2009. However much of the commentary failed to explain why.

The reduction in individual income tax rates and the other tax cut provisions enacted in 2001 and 2003 were "sunset" at the end of 2010. Unless Congress acts to delay the expiration of the rate reductions, the top individual rate will rise from 35% in 2010 to 39.6% for 2011 and later years.